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    <article class="post">
        <header>
            <h1 class="post-title">Flutter中的bloc2</h1>
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        <date class="post-meta meta-date">
            2021年8月15日
        </date>
        
        <div class="post-meta">
            <span>|</span>
            
            <span class="meta-category"><a href='/categories/Flutter'>Flutter</a></span>
            
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        <div class="post-meta">
            <span id="busuanzi_container_page_pv">|<span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"></span><span>
                    阅读</span></span>
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        <div class="post-content">
            <p>在这一部分，我们将使用 Bloc 模式实现一个天气应用程序。您还将深入了解如何使用 http 包进行 API 调用🥳
所以，让我们开始吧！！！！</p>
<h1 id="我们将使用的软件包"><strong>我们将使用的软件包：</strong></h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://pub.dev/packages/equatable">equatable</a>：<code>Equatable</code>覆盖<code>==</code>并<code>hashCode</code>为您服务，因此您不必浪费时间编写大量样板代码。</li>
<li><a href="https://pub.dev/packages/flutter_bloc">flutter_bloc</a>：<code>flutter_bloc</code>是我们的主要包，旨在使我们的任务在 Flutter 中轻松实现 bloc。它适用于官方<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/bloc">软件包：bloc</a></li>
<li><a href="https://pub.dev/packages/http">http</a>：该包包含一组高级函数和类，可以轻松使用 HTTP 资源。它是多平台的，支持移动、桌面和浏览器。所以，我们主要将这个包用于 HTTP 请求。</li>
</ul>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://miro.medium.com/max/700/0*z1JzXz9288RtGTyA.jpg">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://miro.medium.com/max/700/0*z1JzXz9288RtGTyA.jpg" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p>在 Bloc 中，将有 3 个主要文件：</p>
<ul>
<li>**bloc 文件：**该文件包含主要的业务逻辑</li>
<li>**事件文件：**此文件说明您的应用程序中存在的所有事件。</li>
<li>**状态文件：**此文件包含您的应用程序经历的所有状态。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>flutter_bloc 包提供了 4 个主要类，我们可以将它们包装在一个小部件上：</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>BlocProvider：</strong> BlocProvider 是将 Bloc 实例提供给子子树的类/小部件。在大多数情况下，<code>BlocProvider</code>应该用于创建新的块，这些块可供子树的其余部分使用。在这种情况下，由于<code>BlocProvider</code>负责创建 bloc，它将自动处理关闭它。句法：</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">BlocProvider( 
  create: (BuildContext context) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> BlocA(), 
  child: ChildA(), 
);
</code></pre></div><ul>
<li><strong>BlocBuilder：</strong> BlocBuilder 小部件负责在状态发生变化时构建/重新构建子子树。它需要一个<code>bloc</code>和一个<code>builder</code>函数。<code>BlocBuilder</code>非常相似，<code>StreamBuilder</code>但有一个更简单的 API 来减少所需的样板代码量。句法：</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>BlocBuilder&lt;BlocA, BlocAState&gt;( 
  builder: (context, state) { 
    // 根据 BlocA 的状态在此处返回小部件
  } 
)
</code></pre><ul>
<li><strong>BlocListener：</strong> BlocListener 是一个 Flutter 小部件，它采用 a<code>BlocWidgetListener</code>和 an 可选<code>bloc</code>并调用<code>listener</code>以响应 bloc 中的状态更改。它应该用于需要在每次状态更改时发生一次的功能，例如导航、显示 a <code>SnackBar</code>、显示 a<code>Dialog</code>等&hellip;&hellip;<code>listener</code>与<code>builder</code>in不同的<code>BlocBuilder</code>是，每次状态更改(不包括初始状态)只调用一次并且是一个<code>void</code>函数。句法：</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">BlocListener<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>BlocA, BlocAState<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>(
  listener: (context, state) {
    <span style="color:#75715e">// do stuff here based on BlocA&#39;s state
</span><span style="color:#75715e"></span>  },
  child: Container(),
)
</code></pre></div><ul>
<li><strong>BlocConsumer：</strong> BlocConsumer 是 BlocBuilder 和 BlocListener 的混合体。它暴露了<code>builder</code>和<code>listener</code>以对新状态做出反应。<code>BlocConsumer</code>类似于嵌套<code>BlocListener</code>，<code>BlocBuilder</code>但减少了所需的样板数量。<code>BlocConsumer</code>仅在需要重建 UI 并执行其他响应以对<code>bloc</code>. 句法：</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>BlocConsumer&lt;BlocA, BlocAState&gt;(
  listener: (context, state) {
    // do stuff here based on BlocA's state
  },
  builder: (context, state) {
    // return widget here based on BlocA's state
  }
)
</code></pre><h1 id="理论讲得太多了不是吗所以现在让我们做一些真正的事情">理论讲得太多了，不是吗？所以现在，让我们做一些真正的事情！！</h1>
<p><strong>步骤0：在开始之前，这次我们将通过分离我们项目中的bloc、模型、屏幕和服务来创建一个更好的项目架构。您也可以最初创建此文件夹。完成后，这就是我们的项目结构的样子：</strong></p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://miro.medium.com/max/604/1*TO0uHdQG6t7v3m_l__kPEw.png">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://miro.medium.com/max/604/1*TO0uHdQG6t7v3m_l__kPEw.png" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p><strong>第 1 步：**<strong>在 pubspecy.yaml 中导入</strong><a href="https://pub.dev/packages/equatable">equatable</a></strong>、<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/flutter_bloc">flutter_bloc</a>和<a href="https://pub.dev/packages/http">http</a></p>
<pre><code>equatable: ^1.2.5
flutter_bloc: ^6.1.1 
http: ^0.12.2
</code></pre><p>**第 2 步：**创建一个名为的文件夹<code>bloc</code>并在其中创建 3 个文件。在这里，我们将命名它们<code>weather_bloc</code>,<code>weather_event</code>和<code>weather_state</code>。</p>
<p>**第 3 步：**在本教程中，我们将使用伪造的 Weather API。您也可以使用任何您喜欢的真实产品。</p>
<pre><code>Base URL: https://01b0f7a1-9563-47f5-b628-f14c51464ec5.mock.pstmn.io/api/get-weather-success?city=
</code></pre><p>**第 4 步：**让我们首先检查 API 的响应并为其创建一个模型。当我们从我们的 API 得到响应时，我们将使用这个模型。上述 API 给出了以下响应：</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20210815163859938.png">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="image-20210815163859938" src="https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20210815163859938.png" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p>由于这是一个伪造的 API，每个城市名称都会给出相同的响应 🤣
现在，为模型创建一个文件**lib/model/weather.dart。**模型文件将如下所示：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">Weather</span> {
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">int</span> temperature;
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">int</span> yesterdayMax;
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">int</span> yesterdayMin;
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">int</span> todayMax;
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">int</span> todayMin;
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">String</span> city;
  Weather({
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">this</span>.city,
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">this</span>.temperature,
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">this</span>.yesterdayMax,
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">this</span>.yesterdayMin,
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">this</span>.todayMax,
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">this</span>.todayMin,
  });
}
</code></pre></div><p><strong>第 5 步：<strong>下一步是创建我们的 ApiService，然后继续。首先，首先在 lib 文件夹中创建一个名为 services 的文件夹，即</strong>lib/services。<strong>在 services 文件夹中，创建一个名为</strong>api_service.dart</strong>的文件**。**您的文件结构将如下所示：</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20210815165608878.png">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="image-20210815165608878" src="https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20210815165608878.png" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p>在 api_service.dart 中，您可以使用 http 包编写 API 请求代码。这是相同的代码：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;dart:convert&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:bloc_weather_example/screens/constants.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:bloc_weather_example/model/weather.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:http/http.dart&#39;</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">as</span> http;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">ApiService</span> {
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">static</span> Future getWeather(<span style="color:#66d9ef">String</span> city) <span style="color:#66d9ef">async</span> {
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">String</span> requestUrl <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> https:<span style="color:#75715e">//01b0f7a1-9563-47f5-b628-f14c51464ec5.mock.pstmn.io/api/get-weather-success?city=$city;
</span><span style="color:#75715e"></span>    http.Response response <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">await</span> http.<span style="color:#66d9ef">get</span>(requestUrl);
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">if</span> (response.statusCode <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">200</span>) {
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">var</span> decodedData <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> jsonDecode(response.body);
      Weather _weather <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> Weather(
          city: city,
          temperature: decodedData[<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;temperature&#39;</span>],
          yesterdayMax: decodedData[<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;yesterdayMax&#39;</span>],
          yesterdayMin: decodedData[<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;yesterdayMin&#39;</span>],
          todayMax: decodedData[<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;todayMax&#39;</span>],
          todayMin: decodedData[<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;todayMin&#39;</span>]);
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> _weather;
    } <span style="color:#66d9ef">else</span> {
      print(response.statusCode);
    }
  }
}
</code></pre></div><p>在这里，我们创建了一个名为 getWeather() 的方法，该方法将城市名称作为参数。然后我们将城市名称附加到 baseUrl。这将成为我们的 requestUrl。下一步是创建对 requestUrl的<strong>get</strong>请求。
我们将得到一个<strong>Response</strong>对象作为 get 请求的响应。我们现在必须解码它，以便我们可以提取它的值。因此，如果我们成功获得响应(状态代码 == 200)，我们将使用名为 jsonDecode() 的方法解码响应对象并将 response.body 传递给它。一旦我们解码了响应，我们就可以创建模型的对象并返回它🥳</p>
<p>**第 6 步：**现在，让我们创建我们的 bloc 文件。创建一个名为<code>bloc</code>(lib/bloc)的文件夹并在其中创建 3 个文件。在这里，我们将它们命名为<code>weather_bloc</code>,<code>weather_event</code>和<code>weather_state</code>。它看起来像这样：</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20210815165608878.png">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="" src="https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20210815165608878.png" />
        </a>
    </p>
<p><strong>weather_event.dart:</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">part of</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;weather_bloc.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">@</span>immutable
<span style="color:#66d9ef">abstract</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">WeatherEvent</span> {}
<span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">WeatherInitialEvent</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">extends</span> WeatherEvent {}
<span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">WeatherGetEvent</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">extends</span> WeatherEvent {
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">String</span> city;
  WeatherGetEvent({<span style="color:#66d9ef">this</span>.city});
}

</code></pre></div><p>在这里，我们只创建了 2 个事件，即 WeatherInitialEvent 和 WeatherGetEvent。WeatherGetEvent 将城市名称作为参数。**剧透警报：**这个城市名称将从 bloc 传递给我们的 ApiService 方法😉</p>
<p><strong>weather_state.dart</strong></p>
<pre><code>part of 'weather_bloc.dart';
@immutable
abstract class WeatherState {}
class WeatherInitial extends WeatherState {}
class WeatherLoadingState extends WeatherState {}
class WeatherGetState extends WeatherState {}
class WeatherLoadedState extends WeatherState {
  final Weather weather;
  WeatherLoadedState({this.weather});
}
</code></pre><p>在这里，我们创建了 4 个状态。WeatherInitial、WeatherLoading、WeatherGetState 和 WeatherLoadedState。各州将按照其名称进行工作。WeatherLoadedState 占用了我们将在 UI 中使用的模型 Weather 的参数。</p>
<p><strong>Weather_bloc.dart：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;dart:async&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:bloc/bloc.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:bloc_weather_example/model/weather.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:bloc_weather_example/services/api_service.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:meta/meta.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">part</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;weather_event.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">part</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;weather_state.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">WeatherBloc</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">extends</span> Bloc<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>WeatherEvent, WeatherState<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span> {
  WeatherBloc() <span style="color:#f92672">:</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">super</span>(WeatherInitial());
<span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">@</span>override
  Stream<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>WeatherState<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span> mapEventToState(WeatherEvent event) <span style="color:#66d9ef">async</span><span style="color:#f92672">*</span> {
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">if</span> (event <span style="color:#66d9ef">is</span> WeatherGetEvent) {
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">yield</span> WeatherLoadingState();
      Weather _weather <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">await</span> ApiService.getWeather(event.city);
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">yield</span> WeatherLoadedState(weather: _weather);
    }
  }
}
</code></pre></div><p>在我们的 bloc 文件中，我们只是调用了 ApiService.getWeather() 方法。在调用之前，我们让出加载状态以显示 CircularProgressIndicator。一旦响应可用，我们就会产生一个加载状态并将模型响应传递给该状态。</p>
<p>所以，到这里我们已经完成了我们的 bloc 实现。那么，现在让我们实现我们的 UI 吧！！😍</p>
<p><strong>第 7 步：<strong>创建一个文件夹 lib/screens，我们将在其中存储所有 UI 相关文件。让我们首先更新</strong>main.dart</strong>：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:bloc_weather_example/bloc/weather_bloc.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:bloc_weather_example/screens/home.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:flutter/material.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:flutter_bloc/flutter_bloc.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">void</span> main() <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> runApp(MyApp());
<span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">MyApp</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">extends</span> StatelessWidget {
  <span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">@</span>override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> MaterialApp(
      title: <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;Material App&#39;</span>,
      debugShowCheckedModeBanner: <span style="color:#66d9ef">false</span>,
      home: BlocProvider(
        create: (context) <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> WeatherBloc(),
        child: Home(),
      ),
    );
  }
}
</code></pre></div><p>**第 8 步：**现在，让我们创建包含主 UI 的 home.dart。</p>
<p><strong>home.dart：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:bloc_weather_example/bloc/weather_bloc.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:bloc_weather_example/screens/weather_card.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:flutter/material.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:flutter_bloc/flutter_bloc.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">Home</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">extends</span> StatefulWidget {
  Home({Key key}) <span style="color:#f92672">:</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">super</span>(key: key);
<span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">@</span>override
  _HomeState createState() <span style="color:#f92672">=&gt;</span> _HomeState();
}
<span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">_HomeState</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">extends</span> State<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>Home<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span> {
  TextEditingController _city <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> TextEditingController();
  <span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">@</span>override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> Stack(
      children: [
        Image.asset(
          <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;assets/bg.jpg&#39;</span>,
          fit: BoxFit.cover,
        ),
        Scaffold(
          backgroundColor: Colors.transparent,
          body: BlocBuilder<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>WeatherBloc, WeatherState<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>(
            builder: (BuildContext context, state) {
              <span style="color:#66d9ef">if</span> (state <span style="color:#66d9ef">is</span> WeatherLoadingState) {
                print(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;Weather Loading State&#39;</span>);
                <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> Center(
                  child: CircularProgressIndicator(),
                );
              }
              <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> Center(
                child: Column(
                  mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
                  children: [
                    state <span style="color:#66d9ef">is</span> WeatherLoadedState
                        <span style="color:#f92672">?</span> WeatherCard(
                            state: state,
                          )
                        <span style="color:#f92672">:</span> Container(),
                    SizedBox(
                      height: <span style="color:#ae81ff">30.0</span>,
                    ),
                    Padding(
                      padding: <span style="color:#66d9ef">const</span> EdgeInsets.all(<span style="color:#ae81ff">8.0</span>),
                      child: TextField(
                        controller: _city,
                        style: TextStyle(color: Colors.black, fontSize: <span style="color:#ae81ff">20.0</span>),
                        decoration: InputDecoration(
                          fillColor: Colors.white70,
                          filled: <span style="color:#66d9ef">true</span>,
                          hintText: <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;Enter City Name&#39;</span>,
                          hintStyle: TextStyle(color: Colors.black26),
                          prefixIcon: Icon(Icons.home),
                          border: OutlineInputBorder(
                            borderRadius: BorderRadius.all(
                              Radius.circular(<span style="color:#ae81ff">20.0</span>),
                            ),
                            borderSide: BorderSide(
                              color: Colors.white,
                              width: <span style="color:#ae81ff">2.0</span>,
                            ),
                          ),
                        ),
                        keyboardType: TextInputType.name,
                      ),
                    ),
                    SizedBox(
                      height: <span style="color:#ae81ff">20.0</span>,
                    ),
                    Container(
                      height: <span style="color:#ae81ff">50.0</span>,
                      width: <span style="color:#ae81ff">200.0</span>,
                      child: RaisedButton(
                        child: Text(
                          <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;Check Weather!&#39;</span>,
                          style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white),
                        ),
                        color: Colors.blue.shade400,
                        shape: RoundedRectangleBorder(
                          borderRadius: BorderRadius.all(
                            Radius.circular(<span style="color:#ae81ff">20.0</span>),
                          ),
                        ),
                        onPressed: () <span style="color:#66d9ef">async</span> {
                          context.read<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>WeatherBloc<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>().add(
                                WeatherGetEvent(city: _city.text),
                              );
                        },
                      ),
                    ),
                  ],
                ),
              );
            },
          ),
        ),
      ],
    );
  }
}
</code></pre></div><p>在这里，我们用 BlocBuilder 包装了我们的输入 UI。现在，如果状态是 WeatherLoadingState，我们将显示 CircularProgressIndicator()。否则，我们会显示整个 UI。获得 WeatherLoadedState 后，我们将显示自定义 WeatherCard 以显示详细信息。另一个主要的事情是我们按钮的 onPressed。当用户按下按钮时，我们按如下方式触发 WeatherGetEvent：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">context.read<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>WeatherBloc<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>().add(WeatherGetEvent(city: _city.text));
</code></pre></div><p>上面的代码读取我们从 main.dart 传递的 WeatherBloc 的上下文，即这个小部件的父级，然后添加事件。或者，我们可以先在 initState() 中初始化我们的 WeatherBloc 对象，然后在 onPressed 中添加事件。</p>
<p>**第 9 步：**现在，让我们创建自定义的 WeatherCard。在 lib/screens 中创建一个名为 weather_card.dart 的文件。您始终可以拥有自己的 UI。
<strong>weather_card.dart:</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart"><span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:bloc_weather_example/bloc/weather_bloc.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:bloc_weather_example/screens/constants.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;package:flutter/material.dart&#39;</span>;
<span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">WeatherCard</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">extends</span> StatelessWidget {
  <span style="color:#66d9ef">final</span> WeatherLoadedState state;
  WeatherCard({<span style="color:#66d9ef">this</span>.state});
  <span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">@</span>override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> Card(
      shape: RoundedRectangleBorder(
        side: <span style="color:#66d9ef">new</span> BorderSide(color: Colors.blue, width: <span style="color:#ae81ff">3.0</span>),
        borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(<span style="color:#ae81ff">10.0</span>),
      ),
      color: Colors.white60,
      elevation: <span style="color:#ae81ff">10.0</span>,
      shadowColor: Colors.yellow,
      child: Padding(
        padding: <span style="color:#66d9ef">const</span> EdgeInsets.all(<span style="color:#ae81ff">8.0</span>),
        child: Column(
          children: [
            Text(
              <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;City: &#39;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">+</span> state.weather.city.toString() <span style="color:#f92672">+</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39; 🏡&#39;</span>,
              style: weatherCardTextStyle,
            ),
            SizedBox(
              height: <span style="color:#ae81ff">10.0</span>,
            ),
            Text(
              <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;Current Temperature: &#39;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">+</span> state.weather.temperature.toString(),
              style: weatherCardTextStyle,
            ),
            SizedBox(
              height: <span style="color:#ae81ff">10.0</span>,
            ),
            Text(
              <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;Today</span><span style="color:#ae81ff">\&#39;</span><span style="color:#e6db74">s Maximum: &#39;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">+</span> state.weather.todayMax.toString(),
              style: weatherCardTextStyle,
            ),
            SizedBox(
              height: <span style="color:#ae81ff">10.0</span>,
            ),
            Text(
              <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;Today</span><span style="color:#ae81ff">\&#39;</span><span style="color:#e6db74">s Minimum: &#39;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">+</span> state.weather.todayMin.toString(),
              style: weatherCardTextStyle,
            ),
            SizedBox(
              height: <span style="color:#ae81ff">10.0</span>,
            ),
            Text(
              <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;Yesterday</span><span style="color:#ae81ff">\&#39;</span><span style="color:#e6db74">s Maximum: &#39;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">+</span> state.weather.yesterdayMax.toString(),
              style: weatherCardTextStyle,
            ),
            SizedBox(
              height: <span style="color:#ae81ff">10.0</span>,
            ),
            Text(
              <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;Yesterday</span><span style="color:#ae81ff">\&#39;</span><span style="color:#e6db74">s Minimum: &#39;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">+</span> state.weather.yesterdayMin.toString(),
              style: weatherCardTextStyle,
            ),
            SizedBox(
              height: <span style="color:#ae81ff">10.0</span>,
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}
</code></pre></div><p>在这里，我们可以使用我们的 state 对象访问从 API 获取的参数。我使用了自定义样式 weatherCardTextStyle 并将其放置在 lib/screens/constants.dart 下。这是一个很好的做法，因为到处都在使用相同的样式。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-dart" data-lang="dart">TextStyle weatherCardTextStyle <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> TextStyle(
  color: Colors.black,
  fontSize: <span style="color:#ae81ff">20.0</span>,
);
</code></pre></div><p><strong>第 10 步：运行您的应用程序😍</strong></p>
<p>我们刚刚在我们的天气应用程序中实现了 Bloc 💙</p>

        </div>

        
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        <li><strong>原文作者：</strong><a rel="author" href="https://luckly.work/">luckly</a></li>
        <li style="word-break:break-all"><strong>原文链接：</strong><a href="https://luckly.work/post/Flutter/Flutter%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84bloc2/">https://luckly.work/post/Flutter/Flutter%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84bloc2/</a></li>
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        <li><a href="/post/Flutter/Flutter%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%BB1%E5%88%86%E9%92%9F%E6%95%99%E7%A8%8B/">Flutter基础动画1分钟教程</a></li>
        
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